While the system defined exceptions are thrown by default, the user-defined ones have to be thrown explicitly by the RAISE keyword. Thus the exception handling helps to deal with the errors that are encountered during the run time execution and not while compiling the program.

What is system defined exception?

System defined exceptions:

These exceptions are predefined in PL/SQL which get raised WHEN certain database rule is violated. System-defined exceptions are further divided into two categories: Named system exceptions. Unnamed system exceptions.

What is user-defined exception?

Java user-defined exception is a custom exception created and throws that exception using a keyword 'throw'. It is done by extending a class 'Exception'. An exception is a problem that arises during the execution of the program.

What are the two types of exceptions in PL SQL?

There are three types of exceptions:

• Predefined exceptions are error conditions that are defined by PL/SQL.
• Non-predefined exceptions include any standard TimesTen errors.
• User-defined exceptions are exceptions specific to your application.

What is user-defined exception in Oracle?

User-defined Exceptions

PL/SQL allows you to define your own exceptions according to the need of your program. A user-defined exception must be declared and then raised explicitly, using either a RAISE statement or the procedure DBMS_STANDARD. RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR.

User Defined Exceptions in PL/SQL | Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial Videos | Mr.Vijay Kumar

How can a user-defined exception be raised?

User-defined exceptions must be raised explicitly by RAISE statements. To handle raised exceptions, you write separate routines called exception handlers.

What is Sqlcode and Sqlerr?

SQLCODE and SQLERRM are Oracle's built-in error reporting functions in PL/SQL. When an error occurs in PL/SQL at runtime: SQLCODE returns the number of the last encountered error. SQLERRM returns the message associated with its error-number argument.

What are triggers in Oracle?

A trigger is either a stored PL/SQL block or a PL/SQL, C, or Java procedure associated with a table, view, schema, or the database itself. Oracle Database automatically executes a trigger when a specified event takes place, which may be in the form of a system event or a DML statement being issued against the table.

What is cursor and its types in Oracle?

A cursor contains information on a select statement and the rows of data accessed by it. A cursor is used to referred to a program to fetch and process the rows returned by the SQL statement, one at a time. There are two types of cursors: Implicit Cursors. Explicit Cursors.

What do you mean by system defined exception in Java?

Definition: An exception is an event, which occurs during the execution of a program, that disrupts the normal flow of the program's instructions. When an error occurs within a method, the method creates an object and hands it off to the runtime system.

What is user-defined exception in C++?

Let's see the simple example of user-defined exception in which std::exception class is used to define the exception.

1. #include <iostream>
2. #include <exception>
3. using namespace std;
4. class MyException : public exception{
5. public:
6. const char * what() const throw()
7. {
8. return "Attempted to divide by zero!\n";

What are different types of exceptions?

Exceptions can be categorized into two ways:

• Built-in Exceptions. Checked Exception. Unchecked Exception.
• User-Defined Exceptions.

What are the different types of triggers in Oracle?

A single SQL statement can potentially fire up to four types of triggers:

• BEFORE row triggers.
• BEFORE statement triggers.
• AFTER row triggers.
• AFTER statement triggers.

What is Pragma Exception_init in Oracle?

The pragma EXCEPTION_INIT associates an exception name with an Oracle error number. You can intercept any ORA- error and write a specific handler for it instead of using the OTHERS handler.

Can we have more than one exception in PL SQL?

Scope Rules for PL/SQL Exceptions

You cannot declare an exception twice in the same block. You can, however, declare the same exception in two different blocks.

Can we use commit in trigger?

Yes, you can commit inside the trigger. But for this you have to make this trigger transaction to be an Independent transaction from its parent transaction, you can do this by using Pragma. Pragma AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION allow you to build the Independent (child) Transaction, started by another.

What are types of triggers?

Types of Triggers

• Data Manipulation Language (DML) Triggers. DML triggers are executed when a DML operation like INSERT, UPDATE OR DELETE is fired on a Table or View. ...
• Data Definition Language (DDL) Triggers. ...
• LOGON Triggers. ...
• CLR Triggers.

Why collections are used in Oracle?

Storing elements in a collection can provide a number of advantages. For starters, collections can help to simplify code. If you need to process a number of items of a similar type, storing these items in a collection will allow you to loop through each element with ease, referencing each one by an index.

What is Sqlerrd in db2?

sqlerrd[1] SQLERR(2) INTEGER. For a sensitive static cursor, contains the number of rows in a result table when the cursor position is after the last row (that is, when SQLCODE is equal to +100). SQLERRD(2) can also contain an internal error code.

What is Sqlerrm in db2?

This SQLERRM scalar function takes a message identifier, locale and token input and returns the short or long message in the specified locale. If the input locale is not supported by the server, the message is returned in English.

What is ref cursor in Oracle?

A REF CURSOR is a PL/SQL data type whose value is the memory address of a query work area on the database. In essence, a REF CURSOR is a pointer or a handle to a result set on the database. REF CURSOR s are represented through the OracleRefCursor ODP.NET class.

Where can a subprogram be created?

You can create a subprogram either inside a PL/SQL block (which can be another subprogram), inside a package, or at schema level. A subprogram created inside a PL/SQL block is a nested subprogram.

What is Raise_application_error in PL SQL?

The procedure raise_application_error allows you to issue an user-defined error from a code block or stored program. By using this procedure, you can report errors to the callers instead of returning unhandled exceptions.

What is the difference between raise and Raise_application_error in Oracle?

Answer: The raise_application_error is actually a procedure defined by Oracle that allows the developer to raise an exception and associate an error number and message with the procedure. This allows the application to raise application errors rather than just Oracle errors.